Anatomy Origin: Spinous process of axis. Insertion: Middle third of inferior nuchal line. Key Relations: Forms the superior and medial border of the suboccipital triangle. Functions -Acts bilaterally to extend the head at the atlanto-occipital joint. -Acts unilaterally to rotate the head to the same side at the atlanto-occipital joint. Supply Innervation: Suboccipital nerve (C1).

Anatomy Origin: Pubic crest, pubic tubercle and pubic symphysis. Insertion: Xiphoid process and lower costal cartilages (of 5th to 7th ribs). Key relations: Contained within the rectus sheath and separated from the rectus abdominis muscle on the opposite side by the linea alba. Functions -Compresses abdominal cavity. -Tenses abdominal wall. -Flexes vertebral column (trunk) e.g.

Anatomy Continuous with sigmoid colon above and anal canal below, sitting in and following sacrococcygeal curve and on to c 2.5 cms below coccyx, to level of apex prostate, then turning back abruptly and dilating (rectal ampulla) to anal canal. 3 or 4 transverse folds (Houston’s valves) overlap when rectum empty and both support weight

Anatomy Almost cylindrical head of ulna articulates with ulnar notch of radius, distal radioulnar joint. A pivot joint; movement is rotation of radius (and hand; ulna main contributor to elbow joint, radius to wrist joint) around the ulnar head. Clinical Radial head is proximal and articulates with a notch on the ulna (proximal radioulnar joint

Anatomy Bulge down from lateral side (thumb-side) lower extremity, conical in shape, giving attachment to tendons of brachoradialis, abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis, and radial collateral ligament of wrist. Bigger, more inferior/distal than ulnar styloid. Vignette Chauffeur’s fracture; pressure of scaphoid on styloid. Interested in taking our award-winning Pocket Anatomy app for a

Anatomy Broader towards the bottom, slightly curved convex laterally. Radius and ulna joined (syndesmosis joint – allows slight movement) by interosseous membrane along their lengths. Clinical Dinnerfork or bayonet deformity in Colles’ (commonest wrist) fracture; a fall on the outstretched hand). Radial pulse felt against thumb-side anterior/palmar aspect, lower quarter. Interested in taking our award-winning

Anatomy A bulge medially, just below radial neck, for insertion of tendon biceps brachii. Interested in taking our award-winning Pocket Anatomy app for a test drive?

Anatomy A narrowing below the radial head; part of supinator inserts behind. Interested in taking our award-winning Pocket Anatomy app for a test drive?

Anatomy Almost cylindrical, articulates with humerus at capitulum, and ulna at radial notch (proximal radioulnar joint). Radiohumeral joint is hinge; movement is flexion-extension. Proximal radioulnar joint is pivot; movement is rotation of radial head inside ring formed by radial notch of ulna and annular ligament. Clinical Radial head is proximal and articulates with a notch

Anatomy Attaches from palmar surface of the radius between the lunate and scaphoid fossae. It blends with the scapholunate interosseous ligament. Functions It provides palmar stability to the wrist and carpal joints. Interested in taking our award-winning Pocket Anatomy app for a test drive?